Goto Section: 25.207 | 25.209 | Table of Contents

FCC 25.208
Revised as of October 1, 2005
Goto Year:2004 | 2006
Sec.  25.208   Power flux density limits.

   (a) In the band 3650–4200 MHz, the power flux density at the Earth's surface
   produced by emissions from a space station for all conditions and for all
   methods of modulation shall not exceed the following values:

   −152 dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 4 kHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 5
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −152+(δ−5)/2 dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 4 kHz band for angles of arrival δ (in
   degrees) between 5 and 25 degrees above the horizontal plane; and

   −142 dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 4 kHz band for angles of arrival between 25 and 90
   degrees above the horizontal plane

   These limits relate to the power flux density which would be obtained under
   assumed free-space propagation conditions.

   (b) In the bands 10.95–11.2 and 11.45–11.7 GHz for GSO FSS space stations
   and 10.7–11.7 GHz for NGSO FSS space stations, the power flux-density at the
   Earth's surface produced by emissions from a space station for all
   conditions and for all methods of modulation shall not exceed the lower of
   the following values:

   (1) −150 dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 4 kHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 5
   degrees above the horizontal plane; −150 + (δ−5)/2 dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 4 kHz
   band for angles of arrival (δ) (in degrees) between 5 and 25 degrees above
   the horizontal plane; and −140 dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 4 kHz band for angles of
   arrival between 25 and 90 degrees above the horizontal plane; or

   (2) −126 dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 5
   degrees above the horizontal plane; −126 + (δ−5)/2 dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 1 MHz
   band for angles of arrival (δ) (in degrees) between 5 and 25 degrees above
   the horizontal plane; and −116 dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 1 MHz band for angles of
   arrival between 25 and 90 degrees above the horizontal plane.

   Note to paragraph (b): These limits relate to the power flux density, which
   would be obtained under assumed free-space propagation conditions.

   (c) In the 18.3–18.8 GHz, 19.3–19.7 GHz, 22.55–23.00 GHz, 23.00–23.55 GHz,
   and 24.45–24.75 GHz frequency bands, the power flux-density at the Earth's
   surface produced by emissions from a space station for all conditions for
   all methods of modulation shall not exceed the following values:

   (1) −115 dB (W/m ^2 ) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and
   5 degrees above the horizontal plane.

   (2) −115 + 0.5 (d–5) dB (W/m ^2 ) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival d
   (in degrees) between 5 and 25 degrees above the horizontal plane.

   (3) −105 dB (W/m ^2 ) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 25 and
   90 degrees above the horizontal plane.

   (d) In addition to the limits specified in paragraph (c) of this section,
   the power flux-density across the 200 MHz band 18.6–18.8 GHz produced at the
   Earth's surface by emissions from a space station under assumed free-space
   propagation conditions shall not exceed −95 dB (W/m ^2 ) for all angles of
   arrival. This limit may be exceeded by up to 3 dB for no more than 5% of the
   time.

   (e) In the 18.8–19.3 GHz frequency band, the power flux-density at the
   Earth's surface produced by emissions from a space station for all
   conditions and for all methods of modulation shall not exceed the following
   values:

-115-X dB(W/m2÷MHz)...........  for 0 ° [le] δ < 5 °
-115-X+((10+X)/20)(δ-5)dB(W/   for 5 ° [le] δ <
 m2÷MHz).                        25 °
-105 dB(W/m2÷MHz).............  for 25 ° [le] δ <
                                      90 °


   Where:

   δ: is the angle of arrival above the horizontal plane; and

   X is defined as a function of the number of satellites in the non-GSO FSS
   constellation, n, as follows:

for n [le] 50............................  X = 0 (dB)
for 50 < n [le] 288...................  X = (5/119) (n - 50) (dB)
for n > 288...........................  X = (1/69) (n + 402) (dB)


   (f) [Reserved]

   (g) In the frequency bands 10.7–11.7 GHz and 11.7–12.2 GHz, the single-entry
   equivalent power-flux density in the space-to-Earth direction (EPFD[down]),
   at any point on the Earth's surface, produced by emissions from all
   co-frequency space stations of a single non-geostationary-satellite orbit
   (NGSO) system operating in the fixed-satellite service (FSS) shall not
   exceed the following limits for the given percentages of time. Tables 1G and
   2G follow:

 Table 1G_Single-Entry EPFDdown Limits for Protection of 0.6, 1.2, 3 and 10 Met
er GSO FSS Earth Station Antennas
                                                       1 2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
                                                         Percentage of
                                         Single-entry     time during      Refe
rence        Reference antenna
Frequency band (GHz) for International  EPFDdown dB(W/  which EPFDdown     band
width     diameter and reference
              Allocations                    m\2\)       level may not       (k
Hz)        radiation pattern \3\
                                                          be exceeded
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
10.7-11.7 in all Regions; 11.7-12.2 in          -175.4               0
         60 cm, Recommendation
 Region 2; 12.2-12.5 in Region 3; and             -174              90
     40   ITU-R S.1428.
 12.5-12.75 in Regions 1 and 3.                 -170.8              99
                                                -165.3           99.73
                                                -160.4          99.991
                                                  -160          99.997
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
10.7-11.7 in all Regions; 11.7-12.2 in          -181.9               0
         1.2 m, Recommendation
 Region 2; 12.2-12.5 in Region 3; and           -178.4            99.5
     40   ITU-R S.1428.
 12.5-12.75 in Regions 1 and 3.                 -173.4           99.74
                                                  -173          99.857
                                                  -164          99.954
                                                -161.6          99.984
                                                -161.4          99.991
                                                -160.8          99.997
                                                -160.5          99.997
                                                  -160         99.9993
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
10.7-11.7 in all Regions; 11.7-12.2 in         -190.45               0
         3 m, Recommendation ITU-
 Region 2; 12.2-12.5 in Region 3; and          -189.45              90
     40   R S.1428.
 12.5-12.75 in Regions 1 and 3.                -187.45            99.5
                                                -182.4            99.7
                                                  -182          99.855
                                                  -168          99.971
                                                  -164          99.988
                                                  -162          99.995
                                                  -160          99.999
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
10.7-11.7 in all Regions; 11.7-12.2 in         -195.45               0
         10 m, Recommendation ITU-
 Region 2; 12.2-12.5 in Region 3; and          -195.45              99
     40   R S.1428.
 12.5-12.75 in Regions 1 and 3.                   -190           99.65
                                                  -190           99.71
                                                -172.5           99.99
                                                  -160          99.998
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
\1\ In addition to the limits shown in Table 1G, the limits shown in Table 2G s
hall apply to all antenna sizes
  greater than 60 cm in the frequency bands listed in Table 1G.
\2\ For each reference antenna diameter, the limit consists of the complete cur
ve on a plot which is linear in
  decibels for the EPFD levels and logarithmic for the time percentages, with s
traight lines joining the data
  points.
\3\ The earth station antenna reference radiation patterns are to be used only
for the calculation of
  interference from NGSO FSS systems into GSO FSS systems.

Table 2G_Single-Entry EPFDdown Limits Radiated By Non-GSO FSS Systems At
                            Certain Latitudes
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 100% of the time EPFDdown dB(W/(m2/40     Latitude (North or South in
                 kHz))                               degrees)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-160...................................  0 < [verbar] Latitude
                                          [verbar] [le] 57.5.
-160 + 3.4 (57.5 - [verbar] Latitude     57.5 < [verbar] Latitude
 [verbar] )/4.                            [verbar] [le] 63.75
-165.3.................................  63.75 [le] [verbar] Latitude
                                          [verbar]
------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Note to paragraph (g): These limits relate to the equivalent power flux
   density, which would be obtained under free-space propagation conditions,
   for all conditions and for all methods of modulation.

   (h) In the frequency bands 10.7–11.7 GHz and 11.7–12.2 GHz, the aggregate
   equivalent power-flux density in the space-to-Earth direction (EPFD[down]),
   at any point on the Earth's surface, produced by emissions from all
   co-frequency space stations of all non-geostationary-satellite orbit systems
   operating in the fixed-satellite service (FSS) shall not exceed the
   following limits for the given percentages of time. Tables 1H and 2H follow:

 Table 1H_Aggregate EPFDdown Limits for Protection of 0.6, 1.2, 3 and 10 Meter
GSO FSS Earth Station Antennas 1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
                                                         Percentage of
                                           Aggregate      time during      Refe
rence        Reference antenna
Frequency band (GHz) for International  EPFDdown dB(W/  which EPFDdown     band
width     diameter and reference
              Allocations                    m\2\)        may not be         (k
Hz)        radiation pattern \2\
                                                           exceeded
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
10.7-11.7 in all Regions; 11.7-12.2 in            -170               0
         60 cm, Recommendation
 Region 2; 12.2-12.5 in Region 3; and           -168.6              90
     40   ITU-R S.1428.
 12.5-12.75 in Regions 1 and 3.                 -165.3              99
                                                -160.4           99.97
                                                  -160           99.99
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
10.7-11.7 in all Regions; 11.7-12.2 in          -176.5               0
         1.2 m, Recommendation
 Region 2; 12.2-12.5 in Region 3; and             -173            99.5
     40   ITU-R S.1428.
 12.5-12.75 in Regions 1 and 3.                   -164           99.84
                                                -161.6          99.945
                                                -164.4           99.97
                                                -160.8           99.99
                                                -160.5           99.99
                                                  -160         99.9975
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
10.7-11.7 in all Regions; 11.7-12.2 in            -185               0
         3 m, Recommendation ITU-
 Region 2; 12.2-12.5 in Region 3; and             -184              90
     40   R S.1428.
 12.5-12.75 in Regions 1 and 3.                   -182            99.5
                                                  -168            99.9
                                                  -164           99.96
                                                  -162          99.982
                                                  -160          99.997
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
10.7-11.7 in all Regions; 11.7-12.2 in            -190               0
         10 m, Recommendation ITU-
 Region 2; 12.2-12.5 in Region 3; and             -190              99
     40   R S.1428.
 12.5-12.75 in Regions 1 and 3.                   -166           99.99
                                                  -160          99.998
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
\1\ In addition to the limits shown in Table 1H, the aggregate EPFDdown limits
shown in Table 2H shall apply to
  all antenna sizes greater than 60 cm in the frequency bands listed in Table 1
H.
\2\ The earth station antenna reference patterns are to be used only for the ca
lculation of interference from
  NGSO FSS systems into GSO FSS systems.

Table 2H_Single-Entry EPFDdown Limits Radiated By Non-GSO FSS Systems At
                            Certain Latitudes
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 100% of the time EPFDdown dB(W/(m2/40     Latitude (North or South in
                 kHz))                               degrees)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-160...................................  0 < [verbar] Latitude
                                          [verbar] [le] 57.5
-160 + 3.4 (57.5 - [verbar] Latitude     57.5 < [verbar] Latitude
 [verbar])/4.                             [verbar] [le] 63.75
-165.3.................................  63.75 [le] [verbar] Latitude
                                          [verbar]
------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Note to paragraph (h): These limits relate to the equivalent power flux
   density, which would be obtained under free-space propagation conditions,
   for all conditions and for all methods of modulation.

   (i) In the frequency bands 10.7–11.7 GHz and 11.7–12.2 GHz, the additional
   operational equivalent power-flux density, in the space-to-Earth direction,
   (additional operational EPFD[down]) at any point on the Earth's surface,
   produced by actual operational emissions from all co-frequency space
   stations of a non-geostationary-satellite orbit (NGSO) system operating in
   the fixed-satellite service (FSS) shall not exceed the following operational
   limits for the given percentages of time:

  Additional Operational Limits on the EPFDdown Radiated by Non-GSO FSS Systems
 Into 3 m and 10 m GSO FSS Earth
                                                Station Antennas
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
                                                      Percentage of time during
            EPFDdown dB(W/(m2/40 kHz))                which EPFDdown may not be
      Receive GSO earth station
                                                               exceeded
         antenna diameter (m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
-182..............................................                          99.
9
-179..............................................                         99.9
4
-176..............................................                         99.9
7
-171..............................................                         99.9
8
-168..............................................                        99.98
4                              3
-165..............................................                        99.99
3
-163..............................................                        99.99
9
-161.25...........................................                      99.9997
5
 ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨
-161.25...........................................                           10
0
-185..............................................                         99.9
7
-183..............................................                         99.9
8
-179..............................................                         99.9
9
-175..............................................                        99.99
6
-171..............................................                        99.99
8                             10
-168..............................................                        99.99
9
-166..............................................                       99.999
8
-166..............................................                           10
0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------

   Note to paragraph (i): These limits relate to the equivalent power flux
   density, which is obtained under free-space propagation conditions, for all
   conditions and for all methods of modulation.

   (j) In the frequency bands 10.7–11.7 GHz and 11.7–12.2 GHz, the operational
   equivalent power-flux density, in the space-to-Earth direction, (operational
   EPFD[down]) at any point on the Earth's surface, produced by actual
   operational emissions from the in-line co-frequency space station of a
   non-geostationary-satellite orbit (NGSO) system operating in the
   fixed-satellite service (FSS) shall not exceed the following operational
   limits for 100% of the time:

        Operational Limits to the EPFDdown Radiated by Non-GSO FSS Systems in C
ertain Frequency Bands\1\
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
                                                          Percentage
                                                           of time
    Receive GSO
                                                            during     Referenc
e      earth          Orbital
  Frequency band (GHz) for International      EPFDdown      which      bandwidt
h     station     inclination of
                allocations                  dB(W/m\2\)    EPFDdown      (kHz)
      antenna      GSO satelite
                                                          may not be
      diameter       (degrees)
                                                           exceeded
      \2\ (m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
Prior to 31 December 2005: 10.7-11.7 in            -163
              3
 all Regions; 11.7-12.2 in Regions 2; 12.2-        -166          100
40            6           [le]2.5
 12.5 in Region 3; and 12.5;-12.75 in            -167.5
              9
 Regions 1 and 3..........................       -169.5
           >=18
Prior to 31 December 2005: 10.7-11.7 in            -160
              3
 all Regions; 11.7-12.2 in Region 2; 12.2-         -163          100
40            6       >2.5 and
 12.5 in Region 3; and 12.5-12.75 in             -164.5
              9           [le]4.5
 Regions 1 and 3..........................       -166.5
           >=18
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
From 31 December 2005: 10.7-11.7 in all         -161.25
              3
 Regions; 11.7-12.2 in Region 2; 12.2-12.5         -164          100
40            6           [le]2.5
 in Region 3; and 12.5-12.75 in Regions 1        -165.5
              9
 and 3....................................       -167.5
           >=18
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
From 31 December 2005: 10.7-11.7 in all         -158.25
              3
 Regions; 11.7-12.2 in Region 2; 12.2-12.5         -161          100
40            6       >2.5 and
 in Region 3; and 12.5-12.75 in Regions 1        -162.5
              9           [le]4.5
 and 3....................................       -164.5
           >=18
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
\1\ The operational limits on the EPFDdown radiated by non-GSO FSS systems shal
l be the values given in Table 2G
  or this table, whichever are the more stringent.
\2\ For antenna diameters between the values given in this table, the limits ar
e given by linear interpolation
  using a linear scale for EPFDdown in decibels and a logarithmic scale for ant
enna diameter in meters.

   Note to paragraph (j): These limits relate to the operational equivalent
   power flux-density which would be obtained under free-space propagation
   conditions, for all conditions, for all methods of modulation and for the
   specified inclined GSO FSS operations.

   (k) In the frequency bands 12.75–13.15 GHz, 13.2125–13.25 GHz and 13.75–14.5
   GHz, the equivalent power flux-density, in the Earth-to-space direction,
   (EPFD[up]) produced at any point on the geostationary satellite orbit (GSO)
   by the emissions from all co-frequency earth stations in a non-geostationary
   satellite orbit fixed-satellite service (NGSO FSS) system, for all
   conditions and for all methods of modulation, shall not exceed the following
   limits for the specified percentages of time limits:

                  Limits to the EPFDup Radiated by NGSO FSS Systems in Certain
Frequency Bands
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
                                                      Percentage
                                                       of time
                                                        during     Reference
Frequency band (GHz) for International  EPFDup dB(W/    which      bandwidth
 Reference antenna beamwidth and
              Allocations                  m\2\)      EPFDup may     (kHz)
 reference radiation pattern \1\
                                                        not be
                                                       exceeded
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
12.5-12.75; 12.75-13.25; 13.75-14.5...         -160          100           40
4 °

ITU-R S.672-4,

Ls=-20
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
\1\ For the case of Ls = -10, the values a = 1.83 and b = 6.32 should be used i
n the equations in the Annex of
  Recommendation ITU-R S.672-4 for single-feed circular beams. In all cases of
Ls, the parabolic main beam
  equation should start at zero.

   Note to paragraph (k): These limits relate to the uplink equivalent power
   flux density, which would be obtained under free-space propagation
   conditions, for all conditions and for all methods of modulation.

   (l) In the frequency bands 11.7–12.2 GHz and 12.5–12.75 GHz in Region 3,
   11.7–12.5 GHz in Region 1 and 12.2–12.7 GHz in Region 2, the single-entry
   equivalent power-flux density, in the space-to-Earth direction,
   (EPFD[down]), at any point on the Earth's surface, produced by emissions
   from all co-frequency space stations of a single non-geostationary-satellite
   orbit (NGSO) system operating in the fixed-satellite service (FSS) shall not
   exceed the following limits in Tables 1L and 2L for the given percentages of
   time:

 Table 1L_Single-Entry EPFD Down Limits for Protection of 30, 45, 60, 90, 120,
180, 240 and 300 CM GSO BSS Earth
                                            Station Antennas 1 2 3 5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
                                                         Percentage of
                                                          time during      Refe
rence        Reference antenna
Frequency band (GHz) for international  EPDF down dB(W/ which EPFDdown     band
width     diameter and reference
              allocations                    m\2\)       level may not       (k
Hz)        radiation pattern \4\
                                                          be exceeded
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 1.7-12.2 and           -165.841               0
     40  30 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in         -165.541              25
         Recommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                    -164.041              96
         BO.1443 Annex 1
                                                -158.6          98.857
                                                -158.6          99.429
                                               -158.33          99.429
                                               -158.33          99.429
                                                                   100
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 1.7-12.2 and           -175.441               0
     40  45 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in         -172.441              66
         Recommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                    -169.441           97.75
         BO.1443 Annex 1
                                                  -164          99.357
                                               -160.75          99.809
                                                  -160          99.986
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 1.7-12.2 and           -176.441               0
     40  60 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in         -173.191            97.8
         Recommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                     -167.75          99.371
         BO. 1443 Annex 1
                                                  -162          99.886
                                                  -161          99.943
                                                -160.2          99.971
                                                  -160          99.997
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 1.7-12.2 and            -178.94               0
     40  90 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in          -178.44              33
         Recommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                     -176.44              98
         BO.1443 Annex 1
                                                  -171          99.429
                                                -165.5          99.714
                                                  -163          99.857
                                                  -161          99.943
                                                  -160          99.991
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 1.7-12.2 and            -182.44               0
     40  120 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in          -180.69              90
         Recommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                     -179.19            98.9
         BO.1443 Annex 1
                                               -178.44            98.9
                                               -174.94            99.5
                                               -173.75           99.68
                                                  -173           99.68
                                                -169.5           99.85
                                                -167.8          99.915
                                                  -164           99.94
                                                -161.9           99.97
                                                  -161           99.99
                                                -160.4          99.998
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 1.7-12.2 and           -184.941               0
     40  180 cm \3\
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in         -184.101              33
         Recommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                    -181.691            98.5
         BO.1443 Annex 1
                                               -176.25          99.571
                                               -163.25          99.946
                                                -161.5          99.974
                                               -160.35          99.993
                                                  -160          99.999
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 1.7-12.2 and           -187.441               0
     40  240 cm \2\
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in         -186.341              33
         Recommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                    -183.441           99.25
         BO.1443 Annex 1
                                                  -178          99.786
                                                -161.4          99.957
                                                -161.9          99.983
                                                -160.5          99.994
                                                  -160          99.999
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 1.7-12.2 and           -191.941               0
     40  300 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in         -189.441              33
         Recommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                    -185.941            99.5
         BO.1443 Annex 1
                                                -180.5          99.857
                                                  -173          99.914
                                                  -167          99.951
                                                  -162          99.983
                                                  -160          99.991
                                                  -160             100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
\1\ For BSS antenna diameters 180 cm, 240 cm and 300 cm, in addition to the sin
gle-entry limits shown in Table
  1L, the limits in Table 2L shall also apply in the frequency band listed in T
able 1L.
\2\ For 240 cm GSO BSS earth station antennas located in Alaska, communicating
with GSO BSS satellites at the
  91 ° W.L., 101 ° W.L., 110 ° W.L., 119 ° W.L. and 148 ° W.L. nominal orbital locat
ions with
  elevation angles greater than 5 °, -167 dB(W/(m2/40 kHz)) single-entry 100% of
 the time operational
  EPFDdown limit also applies to receive antennas.
\3\ For 180 cm GSO BSS earth station antennas located in Hawaii communicating w
ith GSO BSS satellites that are
  operational as of December 30, 1999 at the 110 ° W.L., 119 ° W.L. and 148 ° W.L.
 nominal orbital
  positions, -162.5 dB(W/(m2/40 kHz)) single-entry 100% of the time operational
 EPFDdown limit also applies.
\4\ Under the section reference pattern of Annex 1 to Recommendation ITU-R BO.1
443 shall be used only for the
  calculation of interference from non-GSO FSS systems into BSS systems.
\5\ For each reference antenna diameter, the limit consists of the complete cur
ve on a plot which is linear in
  decibels for the EPFD levels and logarithmic for the time percentages, with s
traight line joining the data
  points.

Table 2L_Single-Entry EPFDdown Limits Radiated By Non-GSO FSS Systems At
                            Certain Latitudes
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 100% of the time EPFDdown dB(W/(m2/40     Latitude (North or South in
                 kHz))                               degrees)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-160.0.................................  0 [le] [verbar] Latitude
                                          [verbar] [le] 57.5
-160.0 + 3.4 (57.5 - [verbar] Latitude   57.5 [le] [verbar] Latitude
 [verbar])/4.                             [verbar] [le] 63.75
-165.3.................................  63.75 [le] [verbar] Latitude
                                          [verbar]
------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Note to paragraph (l): These limits relate to the equivalent power flux
   density, which would be obtained under free-space propagation conditions,
   for all conditions and for all methods of modulation.

   (m) In the frequency bands 11.7–12.2 GHz and 12.5–12.75 GHz in Region 3,
   11.7–12.5 GHz in Region 1 and 12.2–12.7 GHz in Region 2, the aggregate
   equivalent power-flux density, in the space-to-Earth direction, (EPFD[down])
   at any point on the Earth's surface, produced by emissions from all
   co-frequency space stations of all non-geostationary-satellite orbit systems
   operating in the fixed-satellite service (FSS) shall not exceed the
   following limits in Tables 1M and 2M for the given percentages of time:

   Table 1M_Aggregate EPFDdown Limits for Protection of 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 18
0, 240 and 300 cm GSO BSS Earth
                                           Station Antennas 1, 2, 3 5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
                                                     Percentage
                                                      of time
                                                       during
       Frequency band (GHz) for        EPFDdown dB     which      Reference
 Reference antenna diameter, and
      international allocations          (W/m\2\)     EPFDdown    bandwidth
 reference radiation pattern \4\
                                                     level may      (kHz)
                                                       not be
                                                      exceeded
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 11.7-12.2 and        -160.4            0  ...........  3
0 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in       -160.1           25           40  R
ecommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                  -158.6           96               B
O.1443
                                            -158.6           98               A
nnex 1.
                                           -158.33           98
                                           -158.33          100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 11.7-12.2 and          -170            0  ...........  4
5 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in         -167           66           40  R
ecommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                    -164        97.75               B
O.1443
                                           -160.75        99.33               A
nnex 1.
                                              -160        99.95
                                              -160          100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 11.7-12.2 and          -171            0  ...........  6
0 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in      -168.75           90           40  R
ecommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                 -167.75         97.8               B
O.1443
                                              -162         99.6               A
nnex 1.
                                              -161         99.8
                                            -160.2         99.9
                                              -160        99.99
                                              -160          100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 11.7-12.2 and       -173.75            0  ...........  9
0 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in         -173           33           40  R
ecommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                    -171           98               B
O.1443
                                            -165.5         99.1               A
nnex 1.
                                              -163         99.5
                                              -161         99.8
                                              -160        99.97
                                              -160          100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 11.7-12.2 and          -177            0  ...........  1
20 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in      -175.25           90           40  R
ecommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                 -173.75         98.9               B
O.1443
                                              -173         98.9               A
nnex 1.
                                            -169.5         99.5
                                            -167.8         99.7
                                              -164        99.82
                                            -161.9         99.9
                                              -161       99.965
                                            -160.4       99.993
                                              -160          100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 11.7-12.2 and        -179.5            0  ...........  1
80 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in      -178.66           33           40  R
ecommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                 -176.25         98.5               B
O.1443
                                           -163.25        99.81               A
nnex 1.
                                            -161.5        99.91
                                           -160.35       99.975
                                              -160       99.995
                                              -160          100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 11.7-12.2 and          -182            0  ...........  2
40 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in       -180.9           33           40  R
ecommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                    -178        99.25               B
O.1443
                                            -164.4        99.85               A
nnex 1.
                                            -161.9        99.94
                                            -160.5        99.98
                                              -160       99.995
                                              -160          100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
11.7-12.5 in Region 1; 11.7-12.2 and        -186.5            0  ...........  3
00 cm
 12.5-12.75 in Region 3; 12.2-12.7 in         -184           33           40  R
ecommendation ITU-R
 Region 2.                                  -180.5         99.5               B
O.1443
                                              -173         99.7               A
nnex 1.
                                              -167        99.83
                                              -162        99.94
                                              -160        99.97
                                              -160          100
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
\1\ For BSS antenna diameters 180 cm, 240 cm and 300 cm, in addition to the agg
regate limit shown in Table 1M,
  the limits in Table 2M shall also apply.
\2\ For 240 cm GSO BSS earth station antennas located in Alaska, communicating
with GSO BSS satellites at the
  91 ° W.L., 101 ° W.L., 110 ° W.L., 119 ° W.L. and 148 ° W.L. nominal orbital locat
ions with
  elevation angles greater than 5 °, -167 dB(W/(m\2\/40 kHz)) aggregate 100% of
the time operational EPFDdown
  limit also applies to receive antennas.
\3\ For 180 cm GSO BSS earth station antennas located in Hawaii communicating w
ith GSO BSS satellites that are
  operational as of December 30, 1999 at the 110 ° W.L., 119 ° W.L. and 148 ° W.L.
 nominal orbital
  positions, -162.5 dB(W/(m\2\/40 kHz)) aggregate 100% of the time operational
EPFDdown limit also applies.
\4\ Under the section reference pattern of Annex 1 to Recommendation ITU-R BO.1
443 shall be used only for the
  calculation of interference from non-GSO FSS systems into GSO BSS systems.
\5\ For each reference antenna diameter, the limit consists of the complete cur
ve on a plot which is linear in
  decibels for the EPFD levels and logarithmic for the time percentages, with s
traight line joining the data
  points.

  Table 2M_Aggregate EPFDdown Limits Radiated by Non-GSO FSS Systems At
                            Certain Latitudes
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 00% of the time EPFDdown dB(W/(m\2\/40    Latitude (North or South in
                 kHz))                               degrees)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
160.0..................................  0 [le] [verbar] Latitude
                                          [verbar] [le] 57.5.
160.0 + 3.4 (57.5 - [verbar] Latitude    57.5 [le] [verbar] Latitude
 [verbar] )/4.                            [verbar] [le] 63.75.
165.3..................................  63.75 [le] [verbar] Latitude
                                          [verbar].
------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Note to paragraph (m): These limits relate to the equivalent power flux
   density, which would be obtained under free-space propagation conditions,
   for all conditions and for all methods of modulation.

   (n) The power-flux density at the Earth's surface produced by emissions from
   a space station in the fixed-satellite service (space-to-Earth), for all
   conditions and for all methods of modulation, shall not exceed the limits
   given in Table N. These limits relate to the power flux-density which would
   be obtained under assumed free-space conditions.

               Table N_Limits of Power-Flux Density From Space Stations in the
Band 6700-7075 MHz
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
                                  Limit in dB(W/m2) for angle of arrival (δ) ab
ove the
                                                       horizontal plane
                    Reference
         Frequency band          ----------------------------------------------
--------------      bandwidth
                                       0\0\-5\0\          5\0\-25\0\          2
5\0\-90\0\
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
6700-6825 MHz...................  -137..............  -137 + 0.5(δ- -127.......
.......  1 MHz
                                                       5).
6825-7075 MHz...................  -154..............  -154 + 0.5(δ- 144........
.......  4 kHz
                                  and...............   5).                and..
.............  1 MHz
                                  -134..............  and...............  -124.
.............
                                                      -134 + 0.5(δ-
                                                       5).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------

   (o) In the band 12.2–12.7 GHz, for NGSO FSS space stations, the specified
   low-angle power flux-density at the Earth's surface produced by emissions
   from a space station shall not be exceeded into an operational MVDDS
   receiver:

   (1) −158 dB(W/m^2) in any 4 kHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 2
   degrees above the horizontal plane; and

   (2) −158 + 3.33(δ−2) dB(W/m^2) in any 4 kHz band for angles of arrival (δ)
   (in degrees) between 2 and 5 degrees above the horizontal plane.

   Note to paragraph (o): These limits relate to the power flux density, which
   would be obtained under assumed free-space propagation conditions.

   (p) The power flux-density at the Earth's surface produced by emissions from
   a space station in either the Earth exploration-satellite service in the
   band 25.5–27 GHz or the inter-satellite service in the band 25.25–27.5 GHz
   for all conditions and for all methods of modulation shall not exceed the
   following values:

   −115 dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 5
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −115 + 0.5(−5) dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 5
   and 25 degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −105 dB(W/m ^2 ) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 25 and 90
   degrees above the horizontal plane.

   These limits relate to the power flux-density which would be obtained under
   assumed free-space propagation conditions.

   (q) In the band 37.5–40.0 GHz, the power flux-density at the Earth's surface
   produced by emissions from a geostationary space station for all methods of
   modulation shall not exceed the following values.

   (1) This limit relates to the power flux-density which would be obtained
   under assumed free space conditions (that is, when no allowance is made for
   propogation impairments such as rain-fade):

   −139 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 5
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −139 + 4/3 (δ−5) dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival δ (in
   degrees) between 5 and 20 degrees above the horizontal plane; and

   −119 + 0.4 (δ−20) dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival δ (in
   degrees) between 20 and 25 degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −117 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 25 and 90
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   (2) This limit relates to the maximum power flux-density which would be
   obtained anywhere on the surface of the Earth during periods when FSS system
   raises power to compensate for rain-fade conditions at the FSS Earth
   station:

   −127 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 5
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −127 + 4/3 (δ−5) dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival δ (in
   degrees) between 5 and 20 degrees above the horizontal plane; and

   −107 + 0.4 (δ−20) dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival δ (in
   degrees) between 20 and 25 degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −105 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 25 and 90
   degrees above the horizontal plane.

   Note to paragraph (p): The conditions under which satellites may exceed the
   power flux-density limits for normal free space propagation described in
   paragraph (p)(1) to compensate for the effects of rain fading are under
   study and have therefore not yet been defined. Such conditions and the
   extent to which these limits can be exceeded will be the subject of a
   further rulemaking by the Commission on the satellite service rules.

   (r) In the band 37.5–40.0 GHz, the power flux-density at the Earth's surface
   produced by emissions from a non-geostationary space station for all methods
   of modulation shall not exceed the following values:

   (1) This limit relates to the power flux-density which would be obtained
   under assumed free space conditions (that is, when no allowance is made for
   propogation impairments such as rain-fade):

   −132 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 5
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −132 + 0.75 (δ−5) dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival δ (in
   degrees) between 5 and 25 degrees above the horizontal plane; and

   −117 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 25 and 90
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   (2) This limit relates to the maximum power flux-density which would be
   obtained anywhere on the surface of the Earth during periods when FSS system
   raises power to compensate for rain-fade conditions at the FSS Earth
   station:

   −120 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 5
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −120 + 0.75 (δ−5) dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival δ (in
   degrees) between 5 and 25 degrees above the horizontal plane; and

   −105 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 25 and 90
   degrees above the horizontal plane.

   Note to paragraph (q): The conditions under which satellites may exceed
   these power flux-density limits for normal free space propagation described
   in paragraph (q)(1) to compensate for the effects of rain fading are under
   study and have therefore not yet been defined. Such conditions and the
   extent to which these limits can be exceeded will be the subject of a
   further rulemaking by the Commission on the satellite service rules.

   (s) In the band 40.04 0.5 GHz, the power flux-density at the Earth's surface
   produced by emissions from a space station for all conditions and for all
   methods of modulation shall not exceed the following values:

   −115 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 5
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −115 + 0.5 (δ−5) dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival δ (in
   degrees) between 5 and 25 degrees above the horizontal plane; and

   −105 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 25 and 90
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   Note to paragraph (r): These limits relate to the power flux-density that
   would be obtained under assumed free-space propagation conditions.

   (t) In the band 40.5–42.0 GHz, the power flux density at the Earth's surface
   produced by emissions from a non-geostationary space station for all
   conditions and for all methods of modulation shall not exceed the following
   values:

   −115 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 5
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −115 + 0.5 (δ−5) dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival δ (in
   degrees) between 5 and 25 degrees above the horizontal plane; and

   −105 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 25 and 90
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   Note to paragraph (s): These limits relate to the power flux density that
   would be obtained under assumed free-space propagation conditions.

   (u) In the band 40.5–42.0 GHz, the power flux-density at the Earth's surface
   produced by emissions from a geostationary space station for all conditions
   and for all methods of modulation shall not exceed the following values:

   −120 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 0 and 5
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −120 + (δ−5) dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival δ (in
   degrees) between 5 and 15 degrees above the horizontal plane;

   −110 + 0.5 (δ−15) dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival δ (in
   degrees) between 15 and 25 degrees above the horizontal plane; and

   −105 dB(W/m^2) in any 1 MHz band for angles of arrival between 25 and 90
   degrees above the horizontal plane;

   Note to paragraph (t): These limits relate to the power flux-density that
   would be obtained under assumed free-space propagation conditions.

   [ 48 FR 40255 , Sept. 6, 1983, as amended at  52 FR 45636 , Dec. 1, 1987;  59 FR 53329 , Oct. 21, 1994;  65 FR 54171 , Sept. 7, 2000;  66 FR 10623 , Feb. 16,
   2001;  66 FR 63515 , Dec. 7, 2001;  67 FR 17299 , Apr. 10, 2002;  67 FR 46911 ,
   July 17, 2002;  68 FR 16448 , Apr. 4, 2003;  68 FR 43946 , July 25, 2003;  69 FR 31745 , June 7, 2004;  69 FR 52207 , Aug. 25, 2004;  70 FR 24725 , May 11, 2005;
    70 FR 46675 , Aug. 10, 2005]


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